Is Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Medicinal Plants the Future of Pharmacology

Abstract

The increasing focus on sustainability in pharmaceutical development has led to the exploration of green synthesis methods for nanoparticles, particularly through the use of medicinal plants. This mini-review discusses the potential of plant-based nanoparticle synthesis, emphasizing its biocompatibility, environmental sustainability, and effectiveness in drug delivery. Unlike conventional methods that often involve toxic chemicals and harsh reagents, green synthesis uses the natural phytochemicals present in plants, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, to reduce and stabilize metal ions into nanoparticles. This approach not only offers an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative but also enhances the therapeutic properties of the nanoparticles by retaining the bioactive components of the plants. These green-synthesized nanoparticles have shown promise in various pharmaceutical applications, including drug delivery systems, antimicrobial agents, and treatments targeting oxidative stress-related diseases. However, challenges remain, such as optimizing large-scale production, nanoparticle characterization, and understanding their pharmacokinetics and long-term effects. Despite these hurdles, the use of medicinal plants in nanoparticle synthesis represents a promising direction in pharmacology, offering the potential to create safer, more sustainable, and effective therapeutic agents. As research in this area continues, green synthesis is expected to play an increasingly crucial role in the development of novel pharmaceutical treatments.