Revolutionizing Oral Drug Delivery: Innovative Solutions to Bioavailability Challenges

Abstract

Oral drug delivery has long been a cornerstone of pharmaceutical treatments, appreciated for its simplicity, non-invasiveness, and widespread patient acceptance. The convenience of swallowing a pill or capsule is unparalleled, ensuring greater adherence compared to other routes. However, this seemingly straightforward approach often encounters significant hurdles—chief among them, the challenge of poor bioavailability. When a drug lacks sufficient solubility or permeability, or undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism, its therapeutic effectiveness diminishes, limiting its clinical potential.